Interactive Flashcards Game For Genetics Terminology

Use these interactive Flashcards to practice the vocabulary words from our Genetics list.

{ "stat": 1, "data": { "deckName": "Genetics", "cards": [ { "id": 10697, "front": "DNA", "back": "DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms." }, { "id": 10698, "front": "RNA", "back": "RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is a molecule essential for various cellular processes, such as protein synthesis, gene regulation, and cell signaling." }, { "id": 10699, "front": "gene", "back": "A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that contains the instructions for producing a functional product, such as a protein." }, { "id": 10700, "front": "mutation", "back": "A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that can result in altered gene function or protein production." }, { "id": 10701, "front": "chromosome", "back": "A chromosome is a thread-like structure composed of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. It carries genetic information." }, { "id": 10702, "front": "genetic code", "back": "Genetic code refers to the specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins." }, { "id": 10703, "front": "nucleotide", "back": "A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base." }, { "id": 10704, "front": "protein", "back": "Proteins are large biomolecules consisting of amino acids that perform various functions in the body, including structural and enzymatic roles." }, { "id": 10705, "front": "Population genetics", "back": "Population genetics is the study of genetic variation and evolutionary processes within populations, focusing on how genes are distributed and change over time." }, { "id": 10706, "front": "gene flow", "back": "Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material between populations, leading to genetic mixing and influencing the overall genetic diversity." }, { "id": 10707, "front": "genetic drift", "back": "Genetic drift is the random fluctuation in allele frequencies within a population, leading to changes in genetic diversity over time." }, { "id": 10708, "front": "allele frequency", "back": "Allele frequency refers to the proportion of a specific allele in a population, calculated as the number of that allele divided by the total number of alleles." }, { "id": 10709, "front": "genetic variation", "back": "Genetic variation refers to the diversity of alleles and genotypes within a population, contributing to evolution and adaptation." }, { "id": 10710, "front": "Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium", "back": "Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant over generations in the absence of evolutionary forces." }, { "id": 10711, "front": "evolutionary forces", "back": "Evolutionary forces refer to the processes, such as natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow, that drive changes in populations over time." }, { "id": 10712, "front": "Genotype", "back": "Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, including the specific combination of alleles present in their DNA." }, { "id": 10713, "front": "Phenotype", "back": "The physical characteristics or traits of an organism that result from the interaction between its genetic makeup and the environment." }, { "id": 10714, "front": "Mutation", "back": "A mutation in Medical Genetics refers to a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to genetic disorders." }, { "id": 10715, "front": "Inheritance", "back": "Inheritance in medical genetics refers to the passing of genetic traits or conditions from parents to offspring through DNA." }, { "id": 10716, "front": "Genetic testing", "back": "Genetic testing is a medical test that looks for changes or variations in an individual's genes, chromosomes, or proteins." }, { "id": 10717, "front": "Chromosomes", "back": "Chromosomes are thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of cells, carrying genetic information." }, { "id": 10718, "front": "Gene therapy", "back": "Gene therapy is a medical procedure that involves modifying a person's genes to treat or prevent disease." }, { "id": 10719, "front": "Pedigree", "back": "Pedigree in medical genetics refers to a diagram showing the genetic relationships among individuals in a family over generations." }, { "id": 10720, "front": "Evolution", "back": "Evolution in evolutionary genetics refers to the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations due to natural selection." }, { "id": 10721, "front": "Genetics", "back": "Genetics in Evolutionary Genetics refers to the study of how genetic variation and inheritance mechanisms contribute to evolutionary processes." }, { "id": 10722, "front": "Natural Selection", "back": "Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more successfully." }, { "id": 10723, "front": "Mutation", "back": "Mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence of an organism, which can result in new genetic variations in populations." }, { "id": 10724, "front": "Adaptation", "back": "Adaptation in evolutionary genetics refers to the process by which a population evolves traits that enhance survival and reproduction." }, { "id": 10725, "front": "Population Genetics", "back": "Population genetics is the study of genetic variation within populations and how evolutionary forces such as natural selection and genetic drift shape this variation." }, { "id": 10726, "front": "Gene Flow", "back": "Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material between populations, which can lead to increased genetic diversity and reduced genetic differentiation." }, { "id": 10727, "front": "Phylogenetics", "back": "Phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms, typically using genetic data to construct evolutionary trees or phylogenies." }, { "id": 10728, "front": "Genotype", "back": "Genotype refers to an individual's genetic makeup, including specific genes and alleles that influence behavioral traits and tendencies." }, { "id": 10729, "front": "Phenotype", "back": "Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors." }, { "id": 10730, "front": "Heritability", "back": "Heritability refers to the extent to which individual differences in behavior can be attributed to genetic factors rather than environmental influences." }, { "id": 10731, "front": "Polygenic", "back": "Polygenic refers to traits influenced by multiple genes, each contributing a small effect, in the field of behavioral genetics." }, { "id": 10732, "front": "Behavioral traits", "back": "Behavioral traits in the context of Behavioral Genetics refer to observable characteristics influenced by genetic factors and environmental interactions." }, { "id": 10733, "front": "Gene-environment interactions", "back": "Gene-environment interactions refer to the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors in shaping an individual's behavior and traits." }, { "id": 10734, "front": "Twin studies", "back": "Twin studies in Behavioral Genetics involve comparing the similarities and differences in traits between identical and fraternal twins." }, { "id": 10735, "front": "Epigenetics", "back": "Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression caused by environmental factors, rather than alterations to the genetic code." }, { "id": 10736, "front": "DNA methylation", "back": "DNA methylation is an epigenetic process where methyl groups are added to DNA molecules, affecting gene expression without altering the DNA sequence." }, { "id": 10737, "front": "Histone modification", "back": "Histone modification refers to chemical alterations made to histone proteins that can affect gene expression and chromatin structure." }, { "id": 10738, "front": "Gene expression", "back": "Gene expression refers to the process by which information from a gene is used to create a functional product." }, { "id": 10739, "front": "Epigenome", "back": "The epigenome refers to the complete set of chemical compounds that modify the DNA and regulate gene expression." }, { "id": 10740, "front": "Chromatin remodeling", "back": "Chromatin remodeling refers to the dynamic alteration of the structure of chromatin that allows or restricts access to DNA for transcription." }, { "id": 10741, "front": "Epigenetic inheritance", "back": "Epigenetic inheritance is the transmission of changes in gene expression patterns across generations without alterations in the DNA sequence." } ] } }

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vocabulary list

Word	Definition
DNA	DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms.
RNA	RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is a molecule essential for various cellular processes, such as protein synthesis, gene regulation, and cell signaling.
gene	A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that contains the instructions for producing a functional product, such as a protein.
mutation	A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that can result in altered gene function or protein production.
chromosome	A chromosome is a thread-like structure composed of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. It carries genetic information.
genetic code	Genetic code refers to the specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins.
nucleotide	A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
protein	Proteins are large biomolecules consisting of amino acids that perform various functions in the body, including structural and enzymatic roles.
Population genetics	Population genetics is the study of genetic variation and evolutionary processes within populations, focusing on how genes are distributed and change over time.
gene flow	Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material between populations, leading to genetic mixing and influencing the overall genetic diversity.
genetic drift	Genetic drift is the random fluctuation in allele frequencies within a population, leading to changes in genetic diversity over time.
allele frequency	Allele frequency refers to the proportion of a specific allele in a population, calculated as the number of that allele divided by the total number of alleles.
genetic variation	Genetic variation refers to the diversity of alleles and genotypes within a population, contributing to evolution and adaptation.
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium	Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant over generations in the absence of evolutionary forces.
evolutionary forces	Evolutionary forces refer to the processes, such as natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow, that drive changes in populations over time.
Genotype	Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, including the specific combination of alleles present in their DNA.
Phenotype	The physical characteristics or traits of an organism that result from the interaction between its genetic makeup and the environment.
Mutation	A mutation in Medical Genetics refers to a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to genetic disorders.
Inheritance	Inheritance in medical genetics refers to the passing of genetic traits or conditions from parents to offspring through DNA.
Genetic testing	Genetic testing is a medical test that looks for changes or variations in an individual's genes, chromosomes, or proteins.
Chromosomes	Chromosomes are thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of cells, carrying genetic information.
Gene therapy	Gene therapy is a medical procedure that involves modifying a person's genes to treat or prevent disease.
Pedigree	Pedigree in medical genetics refers to a diagram showing the genetic relationships among individuals in a family over generations.
Evolution	Evolution in evolutionary genetics refers to the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations due to natural selection.
Genetics	Genetics in Evolutionary Genetics refers to the study of how genetic variation and inheritance mechanisms contribute to evolutionary processes.
Natural Selection	Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more successfully.
Mutation	Mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence of an organism, which can result in new genetic variations in populations.
Adaptation	Adaptation in evolutionary genetics refers to the process by which a population evolves traits that enhance survival and reproduction.
Population Genetics	Population genetics is the study of genetic variation within populations and how evolutionary forces such as natural selection and genetic drift shape this variation.
Gene Flow	Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material between populations, which can lead to increased genetic diversity and reduced genetic differentiation.
Phylogenetics	Phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms, typically using genetic data to construct evolutionary trees or phylogenies.
Genotype	Genotype refers to an individual's genetic makeup, including specific genes and alleles that influence behavioral traits and tendencies.
Phenotype	Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
Heritability	Heritability refers to the extent to which individual differences in behavior can be attributed to genetic factors rather than environmental influences.
Polygenic	Polygenic refers to traits influenced by multiple genes, each contributing a small effect, in the field of behavioral genetics.
Behavioral traits	Behavioral traits in the context of Behavioral Genetics refer to observable characteristics influenced by genetic factors and environmental interactions.
Gene-environment interactions	Gene-environment interactions refer to the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors in shaping an individual's behavior and traits.
Twin studies	Twin studies in Behavioral Genetics involve comparing the similarities and differences in traits between identical and fraternal twins.
Epigenetics	Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression caused by environmental factors, rather than alterations to the genetic code.
DNA methylation	DNA methylation is an epigenetic process where methyl groups are added to DNA molecules, affecting gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.
Histone modification	Histone modification refers to chemical alterations made to histone proteins that can affect gene expression and chromatin structure.
Gene expression	Gene expression refers to the process by which information from a gene is used to create a functional product.
Epigenome	The epigenome refers to the complete set of chemical compounds that modify the DNA and regulate gene expression.
Chromatin remodeling	Chromatin remodeling refers to the dynamic alteration of the structure of chromatin that allows or restricts access to DNA for transcription.
Epigenetic inheritance	Epigenetic inheritance is the transmission of changes in gene expression patterns across generations without alterations in the DNA sequence.

Flashcards: Connect With The Genetics Vocabulary List

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